Learning and Evaluation/Archive/Learning modules/3Why Surveys Are Useful

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Part 1: Introduction

Why Surveys Are Useful

Survey instruments

Types of information

Attributes - a special case

Survey Objective and Planning

Part 2: Reliability & Validity

Reliability & Validity

Content Validity

Criterion Validity

Construct Validity

Part 3: Question Construction

Writing Good Questions

Questions from Existing Surveys

Constructing your own Questions

Avoid Double Negatives

Minimize Social Desirability Bias

Avoid Double-barreled questions

Avoid abbreviations, jargon, technical terms, or slang

Avoid leading questions

Avoid loaded questions

Use appropriate wording

Ask useful questions

Rely on second-hand data sparsely

Use caution when asking personal questions

Part 4: Response Options

Fill-in-the-blank

Dichotomous pairs

Multiple choice

Check all that apply

Choosing response options

Part 5: Questionnaire structure

Important considerations

Questions order

Additional Resources

Wikimedia Training Designing Effective Questions Menu

How Surveys Are Useful

Surveys are particularly useful for measuring attributes, attitudes, and behaviors.

To develop the most appropriate survey questions, there are many steps and strategies that can be relied on. For example, thinking about the construct-to-survey questionnaire process can help with imagining how a survey will achieve one's goals and lead to better surveys. This process is discussed in the next few slides.

Construct

Operationalize

Survey Questionnaire

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