Translation requests/WQ/2/Zh-tw:
關於通訊的描述和討論通訊的描述和討論，請參見維基媒體通訊.
翻譯本期通訊，請參見Translation requests/NL-2.
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Jimmy Wales, Founder 
Editor-in-Chief
編輯群  |
歡迎來到第二期的維基媒體季刊。在本期刊物中，您將閱讀到有關維基媒體最近的動向與未來的計劃，有關最新維基媒體計劃的報導，以及理事會和維基媒體創辦人吉米·威爾士先生的想法與活動。您將閱讀和欣賞到來自各計劃的最新彙報與優秀作品。您也將透過本刊瞭解到還有賴芮·萊西格（Larry Lessig）和布萊德·菲茨派區克（Brad Fitzpatrick）的想法。 2004年秋天維基媒體計劃的知名度明顯提高，這要主要是由於伺服器數量的加倍和頻寬的增加、“100萬篇文章”新聞稿的成功發佈，以及慈善界對維基百科的關注。 活躍計劃的數目最近又有增加，您可以在季刊中閱讀到有關公共維基、維基物種和維基新聞三個專案的消息。在未來的幾個月中我們將持續爲8月在德國法蘭克福召開的重要會議做籌備工作，有關國際維基媒體會議的詳情請參見第六頁。 --通訊編輯組
Cover : London City Hall at night +/-
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今年對維基媒體基金會而言是令人振奮的一年，但是明年一定會更令人激動！
因3台伺服器中的2台當機所造成的長達3天的網站癱瘓看起來似乎已經是很久以前的陳年往事了。但實際上這只是在一年前所發生的事。今天我們擁有40台伺服器，而且還有許多已經被訂購。
今年，我們從一個因擔心無法負荷徒然增加的流量而害怕被Slashdot報導的網站，發展成衣個幾乎沒有發現自己已經上了Slashdot新聞的網站。
但是我們的成長還未減緩，甚至還可能繼續加速。我們完成了一項史無前例的事蹟，並正在重新激發人們最初對網際網路的夢想：人們共享訊息，無償地提供訊息，一起工作來創作能夠將世界變得更美好的工具。
沒有人能夠準確預言我們在新一年裡的發展，但是一些開發者預計，如果我們保持目前的發展趨勢，我們將在年內成長為全球前100大或50大網站，而到那時我們將需要數百台伺服器。這樣的成長對所有人來說都是激動人心的，但對於我們而言尤為如此，因為我們是通過沒有人想像得到的方法實現這樣的成果的：成百上千的志願者以一種寬鬆和無政府主義的方式來參與一項我們真正相信的工作。
我們將如何面對這種成長？只有用我們以前處理任何事情的方式：通過仔細周全的討論從不同的來源尋找最好的點子。我們需要找出最需要幫助的領域，然後積極尋求協助。
例如，對開發者的需求變得很大，因此我們需要召募並留住新的開發者，而這要比招募新的作者要困難，因為新的開發者在達到最佳工作效率之前會需要學習很多知識。在舉一個例子，我們知道維基百科中存在著"系統偏見"(systemic biases)，因此我們需要發展更多對不同領域都很感興趣的作者，而不能僅侷限於目前的成員。
我要所有人都在新年立下決心，思考一下如何面對成長並如何找到我們所需要的協助。如果每一位積極的志願者都可以找到一位能夠為社群帶來新元素的人，我們就能夠極大地增強自己在維持與改進的同時保持成長的能力。
正如吉米‧威爾士上面所提到的，2004確實因此而成為令人吃驚的一年。但是還有其他原因使這一年特殊：過去的一年是邁向國際化的一年。
2004年的特點是英語版本以外其他語言版本的高速成長。正是在這一年，非英語版本的文章篇數超過了英語版本。經過了兩年多的討論，多語言入口終於在http://www.wikipedia.org域名上實現，這也進一步反映了這種國際化。
許多本地社群已經產生了很強的內部凝聚力，而且獨立運作，而不再簡單地複製英語社群的操作規範。更好的是，他們還成為了其他計畫的靈感來源。特別引人注意的是幾個本地社群所進行的特別工作（例如發表CD版百科全書）和旨在增強社群間合作的計劃（例如"聖誕快樂"計劃、"本週翻譯"以及最近的"國際協作大賽"）。這些計劃都會在本刊中有所描述，以顯示我們對它們的認同。
過去的一年也是在不同國家維基人聚會的一年，特別是在歐洲和亞洲（像在巴黎、柏林、慕尼黑、鹿特丹、倫敦和台北，這還只是一小部分）。如此活躍的社群存在是我們計劃走向全球化的活生生例子。
然而，不同社群之間的交流在一些時候還是很困難，當然這並不讓人驚奇，因為維基人所使用的語言是如此多樣化。今年我們做出了很大的努力試圖促進各社群之之間更廣泛的交流，包括試圖建立一個面向所有社群的meta網站http://meta.wikimedia.org、試圖翻譯meta以及其他網站上主要的頁面，以及試圖接納所有的意見。
一年以前，像季刊這樣的出版物只可能是單語言，最多也只是雙語言出版物。現在它已經被翻譯成許多種語言。
我們計劃的國際化也可以從行政和法律事務中體現出來：為支持所有計畫而成立的基金會、為代表所有維基人而選舉出來的兩位理事會成員（全部為女性，而正像我一直不斷重複的那樣，這種情況在管理圈內是多麼少見......）。今年我們也見證了德國和法國兩個當地維基媒體基金會的成立，而更進一步的法律架構也正在準備之中。
簡而言之：三[?]年前，我加入了一個小型的英語計劃，這個位於http://www.wikipedia.com的工程是由一位不知名的美國企業家所擁有。很不錯的計劃，但是其面向一種語言的方式令人氣餒。今天，我們已經發展成為一個複雜的全球性計劃，由一個非營利組織所支持。
至於2005年，一方面我希望規模較小的維基百科（例如阿拉伯與）能夠成功地吸引更多參與者，如果必要的話可以與外界進行合作；另一方面，我期許我們能夠真正成為基礎設施較落後、沒有網際網路連結國家的讀者的訊息資源。
正在閱讀這份刊物的我們，沒有一個人面對著訊息匱乏的問題；相反，我們正在被來自電視、電台、報紙、網路等等媒體所提供的過量訊息所淹沒。我們問題其實是過濾訊息，並且獲取可靠的訊息。但是，人類社會中的大多數人還是無法接觸到訊息，他們需要幫助。我們必須避免擴大那些能夠獲取訊息的人和不能夠獲取訊息的人之間的差距！
我們計劃的國際化特質是很重要的！它重要，因為我們的目標就是盡可能向多的人提供訊息。瀏覽自由和再散佈自由非常重要。但是用讀者自己的語言表達也很重要，而讓來自所有文化背景的編輯們參與也是為實現中立與平衡立場的重要手段。
最後，對我們所有人而言這是一個從未奢望能夠得到的機會，來發現所有國家的男人和女人們，來平衡我們之間的相同與不同，來嘗試容忍、感謝以及一些生活在這些不同之中。在許多國家，這些不同點是被爆炸的手榴彈所掩蓋的，逼迫讓人們不再發出聲音。我們除了尋找共識外別無選擇。我們只有文字，而我們必須使用它們。
- --Anthere / Florence Devouard
如果您有任何疑問或評論，我們很希望聽到您的看法。您可以透過我們的對話頁和我們聯繫（見[1]），或發送電子郵件道：board (at) wikimedia.org。
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我在哪里可以找到有关基金会的资讯？ 在本期的时事通讯，专门的邮件列表([2])，维基媒体的元维基上([3])，以及基金会网站上([4])都可以找到关于我们近期的消息。基金会网站在早期失败的情况下现在表现出了很好的发展：大多数基本的页面都已经设置好，而且这些页面很多都已经被翻译成了10种语言。基金会网站目前已经有38名注册编辑，他们都能够说多种语言。但是网站目前还是处在一个相当沉寂的阶段。
 一般的地址是board(at)wikimedia.org，用来处理任何请求。但是请注意，这个邮件地址已经不再是一个私人的。所有的邮件都被转寄到备忘系统OTRS ([8])，并且由理事会成员或者几个值得信任的编辑回答。OTRS也是德国地方分会的主机地址，作为地址请求应该列出英语和德语的信息。 最后，Jimbo, Angela,以及Anthere，这些勇敢的探索者全都开始了blogs。Angela’s的blog是关于维基百科信息最丰富的一个([9])。如果你想了解维基百科最近的重要信息或者任何与wikisearch有关的内容可以读一读它；Jimbo ([10])利用这个机会讨论自由软件(也是英语)；而Anthere([11]在法国)决定用她的blog来表达自由的观点，并且设法在法语世界扩大维基媒体计划的影响力(特别希望能够对说法语的非洲世界产生影响)。
下面是理事会成员在秋季的几次会议。
理事会也在实际上见过几次面：11月在鹿特丹，在维基人聚会之后；还有在纽约，在OSI会议之前。讨论了几个主题，包括筹备即将召开的会议，维基媒体基金会是否应该介入政治主张，如何让地方分会更多地介入WMF的活动，并且自由讨论了理事会的发展前景。 所有这些主题的讨论都是在一个青年学生宿舍的休息室进行的，这比通过irc或mail讨论要轻松的多。
Michael和Tim这三个月以来不太活跃，虽然Michael帮助了最后一次的募捐活动的财政事宜。
Jimbo和Angela在BBC度过了2个星期 (参看这期的特别报道)。Anthere搬了新家，有许多房间和一个大花园，但是有几个星期没有电话线，也不能上网。Anthere通过工作地点的网络连接仍然能够保持联系，并且随意拜访了当地大学的计算机实验室， 但是没有真正满足她真正的维基百科兴趣或者访问IRC。
沉迷于Wiki
关于会员资格有几个决定([14])。在同编辑者讨论和思考之后，理事会改变了对会员资格的看法。 Additionaly, further discussions with Jamesday and Kate changed the volunteer membership status from being automatic for editors, to being an opt-in procedure. 一个会员系统的技术开发工作将由Tim Starling在以后几周监督实施。
2004年7月，维基媒体的开发者为了更好地开展任务，对设立奖励体制的可行性进行了投票，理事会的领导对选择处理特别任务的开发者尝试建立一个支付体系和其他的奖励制度。我们建议先进行4个月的试运行，再做出进一步的评估。 在过去3个月理事会提出了一项任务，对会员资格系统的开发(这是一个与理事会自身有主要关系的任务，因此不太会引起争议)。在提案超过2个月以后，Tim Starling提出一个条件，在11月下旬被接受。功能将在2004年底或者2005年初依靠一定数量的资金来开发。 还没有其它的提议被理事会认可；开发者的一个提议已经被放弃。 这个建议与其每个任务都是有偿的，但是不要太过强烈刺激我们的开发小组。试运行的详细资料可以浏览[15]。 在它结束的时候，所有的维基媒体参与者都将被鼓励对它进行评估。 关于这个问题更多的信息请参看创始人的来信。
Bomis的Jason列出了目前已经被基金会注册的全部域名的列表([16])。一些域名在别的国家中被其他人所拥有；例如GerardM管理着几个.nl的域名。法国的域名www.wikipedia.fr在2004年秋天被一个网络蟑螂接管了。法国的维基人决定暂时不做任何事情，而让网络蟑螂逐渐改变了域名到wikipedia本身的域名。但是俄国的域名www.wikipedia.ru不幸被网络蟑螂用来获利。 在下三个月，将决定哪些域名可以获得。大多数的编辑希望所有计划的域名可以从他们的国家中购买；但是购买如此众多的域名费用太高而难以承受。我们希望商标的注册可以帮助缓和这个问题。 维基媒体项目的隐私问题 根据几名编辑的请求，隐私声明现在还正在讨论当中，而且应该在2005年头3个月定稿并翻译出来。请您不要犹豫，参与讨论([17])。
Anthere参与了法国分会（Wikimédia France）的创建（见相关的特别报道），并且成为了分会理事会的成员。这样现在已经有了两个地方分会，每个分会都有各自不同的规章，强调的是选择的多样性。法国分会是维基媒体基金会在法国的合法代表。法国和德国分会都是根据各自国家的法律创建的，这胜于根据语言来区分（然而，两个分会都希望把他们的活动扩展到他们各自的国家之外的区域）。 在过去几个月，其他几个计划也讨论了本地分会的创立，最显著的是荷兰和意大利的维基人。还有一些编辑则认为根据语言创设分会要优于根据国家创设，有人甚至提出创立欧洲分会。
在秋季的时候，基金会及其法国的维基媒体分会讨论了政治参与的问题。理事会指出，维基媒体基金会一般不愿意支持激进主义，尤其这些激进主义和我们的活动没有直接关系。任何参与，例如签名请愿，应该谨慎评估并且只有在社群大多数成员的支持下才能参与。
在秋季的时候，理事会讨论了本地分会与理事会之间的关系以及维基媒体理事会自己的未来。为了尊重本地分会， 理事会对当地分会的成员开放任何讨论和建议。请注意这个问题。 关于理事会自身，Anthere, Angela和Jimbo承认目前的情况已经几乎不能承受。理事会的活动基本上都是他们三个人在处理，这意味着需要更多的其他维基人来管理。他们建议理事会的规模，或者活跃会员的最少人数都应该增加It。
Angela和Jimbo在BBC 2004年11月，Angela和在伦敦为BBC工作了两个星期。每个人的表现都很出色，他们还被邀请将来某一天在回来。在此期间，BBC的一些员工还参加了伦敦的聚会。 在通讯的其他地方Angela详细描述了这次不一样的经验。 (参看结束语，pg. 8)
维基媒体已经在法国安装好了3个常设的缓存服务器，这是由法国的一个网站主机提供商Lost Oasis提供的免费主机。
我们由Mandrakesoft发行的法语和英语的双语维基百科快照的大量数字光盘，由于将随Mandrake Linux版本的更新，将会延期。 标记图像和为这些出版物准备目录都是工作量很大的工作，这已经牵扯到对维基百科计划质量的改进。请帮助这个努力[18]。
 已落幕的维基人会议
Wikimania 2005: 第一届国际维基媒体会议 ([21])经过全体维基媒体计划的用户协商讨论后已经计划好(2005年8月4日 - 8月8日)。参看世界各地了解更多的信息。
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Daniel Mayer是首席财务官。他负责财务，以督察Michael Davis的工作。尤其是，他管理我们的预算和账单。 募捐活动 2004年9月份为期两周的募捐活动筹集了60,000美元，超过了5万美元的目标。这些捐款中有大约10%都来自德国分会。这些捐款使我们的计划得以维持。 从1月到8月平均每天收到捐款200美元。 按照目前在机器和带宽费用上的支出速度，只能够继续维持站点4个月的时间。下一次的募捐活动计划在2005年2月进行。在这之前（2005年1月底）一个公开的会议讨论了如何保持我们的计划能够长期的发展。 第四季度的预算已经核算完毕(本季度的总开支略小于$50k，非常感谢那些慷慨的捐赠者)，可以参看这里：[22]. 下一次正是的预算汇报，由于一些捐款细目的损坏，在1月才可以见到。 链接  今年秋天获得了一笔意想不到的资助，Beck基金会提出对Wikijunior计划很感兴趣。 他们愿意资助维基媒体10,000美元，用于创作一套小百科全书风格的，有明确主题的儿童读物。目前的计划是创作一套共48页出版物，内容包括地理、动物和天文学。 请参看Wikijunior以及相关的维基教科书计划上进一步的资料，在这期通讯的项目部分也有专门的介绍。 2005年1月，我们得到了Lounsbery基金会$40,000的资助。我们申请的这笔经费被指定用于下列用途：1) 报告我们每天的工作， 2)授权我们运行一个新的维基物种项目，3)继续改进我们现有的项目。 非常感谢两个基金会对我们的信赖。 12月份在纽约开放社会研究所信息计划（Open Society Institute Information Project）有一个重要的会议。 他们邀请了维基媒体理事会参加他们的理事会年会，他们对帮助维基百科在重要语言上的发展以及向发展中国家推广很感兴趣。 细节还没有决定，但是也对具体项目有一些想法，想让阿拉伯语的内容得到更好的发展，或者吸引更多非洲国家的贡献者。
 Tim Starling is the Developer Liaison, the primary contact between our Board and our community of developers. Most of the below report has been written by James Day. Installation of Squid caches in Franceedit Our servers are the three in the middle: (from top to bottom: bleuenn, chloe, ennael.)
On December 18, 2004, 3 donated servers were installed at a colocation facility in Aubervilliers, a suburb of Paris, France They are named bleuenn, chloe, ennael by donor request. For the technically-minded, the machines are HP sa1100 1U servers with 640 Mb of RAM, 20 Gb ATA hard disks, and 600 MHz Celeron processors. The machines are to be equipped with Squid caching software. They will be a testbed for the technique of adding Web caches nearer to users in order to reduce latency. Typically, users in France on DSL Internet connections can connect to these machines with a 30 ms latency, while they connect to the main cluster of Wikimedia servers in Florida in about 140 ms. The idea is that users from parts of Europe will use the Squid caches in France, to reduce by 1/10 second, access delays both for multimedia content for all users and for page content for anonymous users. Logged-in users will not profit as much, since pages are generated specifically for them and, thus, are not cached across users. If a page is not in a Squid cache, or a page is for a logged in user, the Apache web servers must take 1/5 to 3 or more seconds plus database time to make the page. Database time is about 1/20 second for simple things but can be many seconds for categories or even 100 seconds for a very big watchlist.  The Squid caches are not yet active on the machine. Policies as to which clients will be directed to these caches have yet to be defined. Then, the system may require some significant tuning after set-up to be efficient. If the experiment is successful, it may be generalized with more Squid caches added outside of the Florida colocation. 在佛羅里達州安裝更多伺服器editIn mid-October two more dual Opteron database slave servers, with 6 drives in RAID 0 and 4GB of RAM, plus five 3GHz/1GB RAM Apache servers were ordered. Delays due to compatibility problems the vendor had to solve before shipping the database servers left the site short of database power and until early December search was sometimes turned off. In November 2004, five Web servers, four with high RAM (working memory) capacity used for Memcached or Squid caching, experienced failures. This resulted in very slow Wikis at times. Five 3GHz/3GB RAM servers were ordered in early December. Four of the December machines will provide Squid and Memcached service as improved replacements for the failing machines until they are repaired. One machine with SATA drives in RAID 0 will be used as a testbed to see how much load less costly database servers might be able to handle, as well as providing another option for a backup-only database slave also running Apache. These machines are equipped with a new option for a remote power and server health monitoring board at $60 extra cost, an option we took for this order to investigate the effectiveness compared to a remote power strip and more limited monitoring tools. Remote power and health reporting helps to reduce the need for colocation facility labor, which can sometimes involve costs or delays. A further order of a master database server, for a split of the database servers into two sets of a master and pair of slaves, each holding about half of the project activity; and five more Apaches is planned for the end of the quarter or the first days of the next, using the remainder of the US$50,000 from the last fundraising. The database server split is to halve the amount of disk writing each must do, leaving more capacity for the disk reads needed to serve requests. It is intended to happen in about three months, after the new master has proved its reliability during several months of service as a database slave. 流量及聯結量增加editTraffic grew during the third quarter from about 400-500 requests per second at the start to about 800 per second at the end. In the early fourth quarter that rose further to often exceeding 900 requests per second with daily peak traffic hours in the 1,000 to 1,100 requests per second range, then steadied at about 900 and slowly rose, due to the end of the back to school surge, slower than desired response times or both ([23]. Bandwidth use grew from averaging about 32 megabits per second at the start of the quarter to about 43 megabits per second at the end. Typical daily highs are about 65-75 megabits per second and sometimes briefly hit the 100 megabits per second limit of a single outgoing ethernet connection. Dual 100 megabit connections were temporarily used and a gigabit fiber connection has been arranged at the Florida colocation and the required parts ordered.
 目前有9个正在运行中的项目：
纪念维基目前只是9/11纪念网站，拥有大约200个页面。它并不是一个正式的项目。 新项目政策 由于新项目的扩张和因维基物种的成立所引起的一些争议，成立新项目的程序已经在新项目政策中被详悉罗列。维基新闻是第一个根据这个政策所成立的项目。新政策要求一个工程在成立之前先要提交一份详悉的说明（以及多种语言的翻译本）、全体社群的投票以及维基媒体基金会的最终许可。
 这这一年秋天有几个主要的新闻事件：“100万条目”新闻稿在全球超过10种语言发布；在德国发行德语Directmedia CD的新闻稿发布；以及维基新闻的运行被许多语言的记者和bloggers报道(请参看第7页的新闻报道)。 在这三个月期间，几个较大的维基百科被大家所注视，除英文之外，也被大量的媒体所报道。例如法语维基百科提交了几篇非常好的文章。其中之一是Liberation ([24])的文章，还有一个强烈批评的文章在Charlie Hebdo ([25])。2004年12月27日，Anthere接受了radio BFM的电台采访 (请参看[26])。另外一次在2005年1月的电台采访是以Yann为主：[27]。 来自文章中关于维基百科和其他计划的引言请参看第6页的“新闻报道”。  Angela也接受了BBC Radio4的采访。这是她的报告： “11月17日，我为维基百科做了我有史以来第一次的电台采访。它是BBC Radio 4's You and Yours节目。我没有想到在我的生命中我会同意做这种事情，但是他并没有我想象得那么可怕。它是在Ipswich的BBC Suffolk演播室录制的，recorded at the BBC Suffolk studio in , since the BBC Essex studios, which are closer to me, were fully booked at that time. 当我到达的时候，我被邀请在“演员休息室”等候，他并没有听起来那样让人感到深刻；它只是一间有几个沙发，饮用水和关于BBC Radio Suffolkit新闻剪报的房间。录制不久之前就开始了，我被带到一个小演播室并且给了我一些耳机，我可以听到节目和在曼彻斯特的编辑对我的谈论。在录制的时候我被单独留在演播室。” Bamber Gascoigne started by giving a potted history of the encyclopedia, and, then, a recording was played of a family searching for facts in a traditional encyclopedia, compared to one using the web. Michael Schmidt, an English professor at the University of Manchester, Institute of Science and Technology, then talked about how his students nowadays were more likely to use computers than books for their research. The presenter, Liz Barclay, asked me to distill how Wikipedia works, and I explained how the site is editable by any visitor, and how vandalism is quickly discovered and reverted. Bamber was at a studio in London, and talked about his HistoryWorld site. Bamber and Michael both felt that Wikipedia articles should be "arrested" at some point to prevent editing. But, I suggested that instead of locking articles permanently, a version of an article could be marked as stable and could be given to users who wanted that, whilst still allowing other users to edit the live article. This section of the programme lasted just under 20 minutes and concluded with Bamber saying "the idea that encyclopedias [which are printed] are reliable is nonsense". 收听节目。 |
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新計劃
關於維基新聞已經被大量的報導和評論，從11月份起這些報導內容的數量幾乎可以和這個計劃的內容數量相匹敵。有人喜歡它，有些人則不喜歡。總而言之，它已經有了200篇左右的文章，以及關於wiki政策的友好的討論和一個8-10人的活躍貢獻者核心小組。請參看下面有關這個計劃的詳細內容。
來自計劃的簡要報告
請在維基少年報告中參看最近紙本出版物的消息。
2005年1月，維基百科網站改成了多語言的入口。在經過2年多的零星討論後，www.wikipedia.org域名由重定向到英文版維基百科改為了顯示所有超過100條木的各語言維基百科的入口網站。
在它創建時，英文版維基百科定位在www.wikipedia.org (最初是www.wikipedia.com)。其他語言則基於ISO 693語言代碼分配子域名。英文版維基百科在2005年8月中於移動到了屬於他自己語言代碼的域名en.wikipedia.org, 但之前的網域依然被用來將到訪的人重導至正確的網址。
作為一個遲到已久及多語言特性計劃的真正指標，這個入口的移動的建立獲得其他語言的維基人廣泛和讚譽的支持。但是，這個改變讓一些人感到驚訝，且讓一些不喜歡這個新編排的英文版維基百科的使用者感到沮喪。更多相關資訊請參閱Michael Snow的報告here.
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維基新聞（[28]）的英語版和德語版於2004年12月正式開始運作。這是第一個經過了廣泛討論、跨語言社群投票以及最終經理事會批准成立的維基媒體計劃。埃裏克·穆勒（Erik Moeller，網名Eloquence）撰寫了一份提案書，爲維基新聞設計了基本的網站結構和工作流程。雖然計劃剛開始時只是一個實驗，blogger、slashdot.org和主流媒體都注意到了它的誕生。 現在最大的問題可能就是維基百科的成功能否複製到新聞網站上。很多資深的維基人擔心，作爲新聞，維基新聞的內容需要在更短的周期內正式地發佈，這可能將影響到新聞的公正中立性。對這些疑問的最終解答還沒有被找到，雖然我們看到計劃獲得了顯著的成長。 維基新聞現在進入到了“beta”階段。它還只是處於萌芽，但它作爲維基媒體基金會的一個正式項目的地位已經被基本接受。埃裏克爲維基新聞的歷史與未來寫了一篇文章，其中討論到修改目前的正式審查機制，使其變得更簡單。在簡化編輯手續，以符合wiki的“任何人可進行任何編輯”的精神，和實施質量保證機制之間存在著矛盾。是否可在首頁上提供訪問那些爲被審查或不完整的新聞報導，也是目前討論的焦點之一。一些活躍的用戶，如IlyaHaykinson、TalkHard和Lyellin對相關討論發表了許多看法。 考慮到大約一半的新貢獻是有關政治與衝突的新聞，對於中立性與準確性的擔憂就不無道理了。一些人認爲我們的工作重點應該是像時事周刊所做的那樣，對新聞進行深入全面的報導，而不應將精力放在突發事件的快速報導上，這樣就可以花更多的時間提高新聞報道的質量了。Calrosar是維基新聞衆多積極參與者與意見發表者的一員，他注意到在採取了新的方針之後維基新聞的質量正在迅速提高，成果顯著。但是計劃依然面臨很大的挑戰。很多人認爲創造一個真正自由、開放與中立的新聞來源要比建立一個自由的百科全書更加困難。我們歡迎所有參與其他維基媒體專案的人士造訪維基新聞、參與討論、撰寫報導，並幫助建立起一個已經初具規模的社群。 鏈結： 維基新聞內部人士的觀點 媒體與slashdot
資料：  Started by Danny at the end of October as little less than a challenge, after the success encountered with the translation of Gangnihessou into various languages, the Translation of the week, a project designed to translate an article across the different language wikipedias has picked up very well, and counts 10 translations to this day. The idea behind the translation of the week is to choose an article in one of the wikipedias and present it as cadidate for a cross-wiki translation. Articles that reach a majority of supporters are then put up as Translation of the week and set to be translated in as many languages as possible. After 10 weeks, the project counts 64 declared participants, and surely that many more across the different wikipedias. Although the record established by Gangnihessou, translated into 39 languages, has yet to be matched, no article has been translated into less than 16 languages. |
.jpg) The project was initially greeted with a bit of distaste on the Foundation mailing list, and was called dubbed as being another Wikispecies, a project created by the Board with little outside input. But once development started on Meta, the project has become more structured in its focus, and gained unanimous support and encouragement from every Wikimedia contributor that has discovered it. Once completed, our books will be available worldwide, either for free, or at a cost affordable to local children, rather than just their parents. Glossy and full colour, these magazine-style booklets will be colourful and richly illustrated, to help encourage literacy and curiousity. The project is currently being developed as part of Wikibooks. Once we've created our first booklet, the information will be transferred to a non-editable site for our readers. All of the content will be reviewed and verified by qualified educators. One of our greatest challenges so far is adapting our writing styles and content for kids. Contributors walk a fine line between too fluffy and too nerdy. Eventually, as we venture into other topics, we'll also have to decide between censorship and tastefulness. The first topics are safe from any such issues; Big Cats, the Solar System, and South America are the first books the community decided to put into development. There's also been some interesting experiments in how to layout multiple levels of content at once. The South American issue seems to be developing the quickest, thanks to the help of Wikimedians from the continent. We've already had translation offers for Danish, French, Portuguese, Spanish, and Swedish. Our eventual goal is for these projects to develop content independently of the English project. Additional grants will be need to create print editions of all other languages. I encourage everyone to come and see what Wikijunior's shaping up to be. Contribute some info, list yourself as an eligible translator, debate over the project's name. Wikijunior will hopefully lend more creditablity to the Wikimedia name, as one of our first projects to have truely noticable results in the real world.  Right now, the Spanish Wikiversity is growing quite faster than "Wikilibros" (Spanish Wikibooks). It seems that the foundations of this project are getting stronger as we already have Schools with active members in Chemistry, Physics, Computing Science, Philosophy and Linguistics. Especially active at the moment are the School of Computing Science (Escuela de Ingeniería Informática), with 7 members, 8 departments and 1 university course outlined; the Physics Department and the Chemistry Department have also very active members and the Department of Linguistics have a recently created Area of Synology. In the "Claustro" we discuss how the organization of the Wikiversity should be. One of the topics being discussed is if we should propose to Wikimedia community that the Wikiversity should be an independent project from Wikibooks, with or without another domain name (for example .wikiversity.org). Actually, eventhough Wikiversity may/should use Wikibooks to create didactic material, different departments may be involved in other Wikimedia projects. For example, the "Area de Sinología" is going to begin the Chinese-Spanish and Spanish-Chinese section of the Wiktionary and also the article "Literatura de China" from the Wikipedia. So, the vision of the Wikiversity is quite wider than Wikibooks. It involves and tends to get profit and participate in all the projects from Wikimedia. I encourage you to have a look and to participate :P. What? don't you have a Wikiversity in your language, and what are you waiting for creating it ;-)? |
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Ar: A lot of effort is put into improving the existing articles, with some new additions everyday. No special projects are currently going on. En : In light of the size of Wikipedia, it's increasingly difficult for people to keep track of significant happenings in the community. Michael Snow has made a new effort to collect this information by actually writing about it and has started a newspaper called The Wikipedia Signpost. The paper is planned to be published on the weekly basis. Read it at: Wikipedia Signpost. Es: A very successful project called País de la Semana (Country of the Week) encourages contributors to enhance the article of the country chosen for that week. Countries with little to no information are prioritized. Ja: Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transportation (MLIT) clarified that their aerial photos are available under GFDL. This is a big good news for us, because fair-use images are not accepted for legal reasons on Japanese Wikipedia. Our big thanks go to the effort of User:っ and the magnanimity of MLIT. e-Goat. (PDF source)
In Japan, Wikipedia.org traffic has grown 635% over the past year, the biggest spike on the japanese web by a wide margin. Wikipedia is currently 7% as popular there as the country's most popular site, Zh: The long-requested feature - Traditional/Simplified Chinese automated conversion - are coming with MediaWiki 1.4, which will attract more traditional Chinese users to Mediawiki projects and reshape the community. We owe Zhengzhu a lot for this wonderful work. It : One Christmas tradition is sending Christmas and New Year cards, and the text on an Italian card would be “Buon Natale e felice Anno Nuovo”, on an English card “Merry Christmas and a happy New Year!”. Buon Natale e felice Anno Nuovo! is the leading page for this effort. What we want is the translation for as many languages as possible but certainly one for all each language that has a Wikimedia project AND a sound file with the pronunciation on Commons.  One way in which you can extend this project is by writing about the way Christmas is celebrated in your area, tradition or country. Many Christians do celebrate Christmas in January for instance and not in December. Not everyone knows about a “Christmas pudding” for instance and snow should go with Christmas but not in Australia. Buon Natale is a page where you can find many resources about Christmas""" See also | |
 Groups of Italian, Dutch and Romanian wikimedians expressed interest in forming their own chapters this fall, and held a few meetings, online and in person, to discuss the details. The Romanians in particular already drafted some bylaws ([37]). A common sticking point for all of these chapters, both formed and proposed, is whether to create a chapter for a particular country, or one for a particular language, or neither (for instance, there is interest in forming a European chapter, which would have a changeable regional affiliation and no language affiliation at all). Interim reports on the Italian and Dutch deliberations can be found here and here, respectively. |
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Wikimedia Deutschland ([38]) has been busy with a lot of administrative tasks. The German chapter has succeeded in gaining official status as a tax-exempt, non-profit organization. To resolve some repeatedly asked questions about the impact of copyright laws and the GNU FDL on Wikipedia, Wikimedia Deutschland has ordered a legal FAQ for the German Wikipedia from a German lawyer who specializes in Open Source and Open Content license issues. At the end of September, Wikimedia Deutschland, together with the Stuttgart Region Economic Development Corporation (WRS) and Prof. Deborah Weber-Wulff from the University of Applied Sciences (FHTW) in Berlin, began working to participate in a well capitalized research project developed by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), called "New Media in Education [39]." Two applications have finally been submitted; the selection process will continue until the end of the year. In early October, Wikimedia Deutschland established contacts with the OSCE, which organised the "OSCE Human Dimension Implementation Meeting [40]" in Warsaw, where Jimbo Wales gave a speech about Wikipedia at the panel "Guaranteeing Media Freedom on the Internet." Later that month, a team from the German chapter represented Wikipedia at a booth and gave a speech at Berlinux, a Linux congress in Berlin from the 22nd to the 23rd of October, 2004. Rumours exist that John "maddog" Hall was seen wearing a Wikipedia T-Shirt there. Contacts with the Brockhaus publishing house were strengthened at several meetings, as well as contacts with Directmedia, a company from Berlin, which produced the CD version of Wikipedia. The Wikipedia CD release received several favorable reviews in the German media and was distributed on the cover of the computer magazine Chip. Directmedia currently plans a DVD version of Wikipedia for spring and invited us to share their booth at the Leipzig book fair, which is in the immediate neighbourhood of Brockhaus'. In December, Wikimedia Deutschland attended the 21C3, the annual Congress of the Chaos Computer Club. Jimbo Wales gave a presentation about Wikipedia. And, Wikimedia Deutschland invited two of the main developers of the MediaWiki software, Brion Vibber and Tim Starling, to meet for a Mediawiki conference there. In the last three months, there have been numerous mentions of Wikipedia in the German-language press. For example, Tageszeitung featured an article on Wikipedia, and Bild-Zeitung, Germany's biggest tabloid, published an article with a "how-to" on Wikipedia. The start of the new Wikinews-Service has been very well received by German journalists, although de:Wikinews is still at its very beginnings. |
Wikimédia France ([41]), a French non-profit association, was officially founded on October 23, 2004 in Paris, with 20 founding members. Among the founding members], were the Board of the Wikimedia Foundation. At this meeting, the final bylaws were adopted. The goal of Wikimédia France is to promote all Wikimedia projects, with a focus on French language projects. Wikimédia France will also act as a representative of the Wikimedia Foundation in France and other countries, where its help is required. It will not exercise any editorial influence on the French-language Wikipédia, and may intervene only statutorily in the case of legal matters. The founding members and other interested users are working to establish a set of internal policies for Wikimédia France, in order to further define its goals and methods. We have had a few occasions to present Wikimedia (more particulary Wikipedia) in different meetings. Please see [42] for more details. |
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editThe Quarto caught up with [Lessig] on the way to ... In between cans of Moxie, we picked his brain about the evolution of wiki, copyright, and the Wikipedia community.
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十分深刻的或／和赞美的评论：
- - 9月1日：“没有人是全知全能的，但每个人都知道点什么。” --SVM
- - 9月20日：“我们喜欢它的原因是它帮我们节省时间，而且它也提到了我们。”--The Inquirer
- - 9月23日：“你不想做一回圣人，在他们举行筹款活动时扔几块铜板给他们吗？” --《村声》
- - 9月25日：“令人震惊的是：世界从混沌走向有序了。” --莱比锡人民报
- - 9月30日：“所有知识的源泉。”--蒂姆·伯纳斯-李在MIT技术会议上的讲话
- - 10月7日：“数字时代的奇迹之一。”--《卫报》
- - 11月1日：“虽然没有一个控制结构……它在收录范围与质量上可与商业百科全书竞争。”--《法律事务》
- - 11月5日：“这是团队合作的最终表现，其成果壮观。”--《今日美国》
- - 11月8日：“一个展现了因特网脑力的全球计划。”--《圣彼得堡时报》
- - 1月5日：“感觉象是有一个志愿者组成的大军来帮助你，全靠热心，没有胡萝卜也没有大棒。”--CaptainDoc
批评者的意见：
- - 9月15日：“它对‘中立观点’而非文章脉络的执着是导致其失败的根源。”--科学观察家
- - 11月15日：“事实上，与所以为的相反的是，文章的水准经过修改已经变得平庸。”--科技中心站
- - 11月 : “快餐”之后是“快速科技” - Charlie Hebdo.
奇怪有趣的评论：
- - 11月10日："你怎么能仅凭区区850个单词来评价Weird Al（注：一位著名的搞怪歌手）的生平呢？" --The Onion
Special coverage : Coverage has included the million article milestone, comparison tests against other encyclopedias, and the hot and heavy editing that preceded the US elections.
- - 9月23日: "ha conseguido reunir 1.000.000 de artículos y se ha convertido en uno de los principales lugares de referencia de la Internet toda" --世界报
- - 10月14日: "Nur im naturwissenschaftlichen Bereich muss die Wikipedia ihre Spitzenposition teilen" --时代周报
- - 10月14日: "布什和克里制造了比性和宗教信仰条目数量更多的争论。" --红鲱鱼
Other projects besides Wikipedia are getting mentioned too:
- - 10月25日: "Personally, I still rely on the OED most of the time, but I also look forward to a day when Wiktionary beats it hands down." --The Statesman
- - 12月4日: "Wikinews, the latest attempt to rethink traditional media and publishing" --网络教育新闻
As evidence that the press also struggles to get its facts right, Wikipedia was founded by:
- Howard Rheingold, according to the International Herald Tribune, Sep 11.
- Lyndon LaRouche(?!?!), according to the (Ohio State University) Lantern, Oct 4.
此刻，连线杂志看来乐于以创造性的新方式来使用Wikipedia这个词
- 象“google”这个词一样作为动词来使用：
- - 11月25日: "你能以开源的形式将它们Wikipedia到网上去。" --联线杂志
- 隐喻网上生活：
- - 12月2日: "越来越多的技术狂热分子，他们的生命就是一个巨大的Wikipedia" --连线新闻
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 Wikimania 2005: The First International Wikimedia Conference ([43]) is a planned conference for all users of Wikimedia projects (4 August 2005 to 8 August 2005). The event will include speakers from within Wikipedia and from outside Wikipedia as well. One of the purposes of the conference will be to have people meet and learn about other language projects. Frankfurt was chosen as location for the first Wikimedia conference in Summer 2005. In mid-November, Jimbo Wales, Arne Klempert, Mathias Schindler and Elian inspected the place for the meetup, the Haus der Jugend, and talked to possible sponsors. The Haus der Jugend turned out to be great, a mixture of ancient and new buildings, set around a beautiful courty yard. We booked nearly the entire building for the time from 4th to 8th August, a big conference hall for 400 people, several smaller halls and about 300 beds. As next steps we will work on setting up the reservation system for participants and issuing a Call for papers. There are three days of activity and two days of conference planned for the first annual Wikimania event. There will be technical, academic, and business presentations about wikis and the wikimedia projects. Both housing for the event and conference space will be provided by the main youth hostel / social center in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, a frequent venue for non-profit organizations. You can register your interest in attending, and find out more about the schedule and location, at the Meta page on the subject ([44]).
 Italian Wikipedians held a meeting in Bolzano on the same day of the presentation of Wikipedia at the LinuxDay conference (nov 27th). One of the main topics was the formation of the Italian local chapter; some German Wikipedians have also participated, and their experience with their own local chapter formation was valuable. Some important points have been accepted: a draft of the Bylaws for the Association is to be created and discussed by chapter and the Association can be a "onlus" or any other non-profit type. The status of administrators is currently under discussion with various polls on the Italian Wikipedia. In the meantime it has been decided that those who are not active, have to appear separately in the list, in order to avoid that users can contact them and complain about receiving no feedback. In the end, there was a point about usage of categories in substitution of the lists, where the list still presents missing articles, they can be transferred in the editable part of the category.
 台北維基人聚會於2004年12月4日的午後，在風雨不交加的情況下在台北車站前面的雲門cafe順利的揭開了序幕。4名維基人和一名聯合報的記者参加了這次聚會。 MediaWiki 1.4中新增加的中文繁/簡體自動轉換功能成為了最初的討論話題，這個功能的實現將會吸引更多的台灣人參與這個計劃。台北維基人還談論了中文版中維基人的不同風格，這是一個非常有意思的話題。大家還介绍了Yahoo!奇摩創建的一個新的網路社群 - Yahoo!奇摩知識+，以及中國大陸Sina.com開始的一個類似的計劃 – 愛問。認為應該將這些問答形式的内容重新組織起來，在這兩個社區裡，每個人都可以提出或回答問題，所有的内容都被以問題的形式組織起來。Yahoo!奇摩知識+與維基百科的差異也被提出來討論，所有的與會者皆認為，維基百科中文版應該學習Yahoo!奇摩知識+與愛問引進一些獎勵制度 -- 雖然在中文維基人已知英文維基百科的WikiMoney和Barnstars激勵制度.最後這個社群談到了招募剛上網的新手，到底應該有某些特殊的宣傳或是只是任這個社群隨意自發的成長呢？這真是個好問題讓大家思考一下.
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 The 21st Chaos Communication Congress (21C3) was held in Berlin at the end of December, 2004, and provided a chance for many Wikimedians and MediaWiki developers to meet up. For many of the developers, it was their first chance to have face to face discussions about the future direction of the software. The conference included the themes of hacking, science, community, society, and culture, and included two Wikimedia related talks and two workshops. Tim Starling and Brion Vibber made a presentation entitled "Edit This Page Scaling the Wiki Beyond 1 million" as well as moderating the MediaWiki Developer Workshop which discussed both the current software, and ideas for future features of MediaWiki. Their presentation discussed both hardware and the software issues, with information on the implementation of compression algorithms. Jimmy Wales spoke about "Wikipedia Sociographics: What the wikipedia community doesn't know about itself" where he explained different roles within the community, and explained how Wikipedia is not created by a million people adding one line, but by a community of users who trusted each other working together. Elisabeth Bauer, Angela Beesley, and Jimmy Wales moderated a Wikimedia Collaboration Workshop. Topics discussed included the role of the Foundation, International cooperation, and the Wikimania conference. The Wikipedia area on the ground floor, with sofas and a mattress, was a meeting point for Wikipedians and gave the opportunity to sell Wikireaders and Wikipedia CDs and to promote Wikipedia to other conference attendees. The time in Berlin was also used for a meeting about the Wikimania
event, and plans for speakers and other aspects of the event were able
to be discussed offline.
A thesis on Wikipedia has been written by an Italian Wikipedian, Valentina Paruzzi. The thesis, written in Italian, may be found on Wikisource (the English version is here). The work of this thesis focuses on the issue, often debated, of the “collective production” of knowledge, which for more than 40 years has been taking shape in contemporary media, characterized by the centrality of computers as a tool of “knowledge sharing” and as a “relational instrument”.
In particular, the thesis discusses the collective production of knowledge in its online dimension, and specifically, inside the Wikipedia project, as an emblematic work in the treatment of this argument.
Beside in-depth empirical research inside the Wikipedia community (“virtual ethnography” combined with “participative observation” in meetings, and offline interviews combined with interviews directly on the net), we trace a complex route from the first steps in the phase of social construction of the PC, to critical analysis of the production model and social ensemble, which comes closer to that observable within Wikipedia: that is to say, open-source, analyzing in particular the thoughts of its two main theoreticians: Richard Stallman and Eric Raymond.
Then we look at the interventions that best seem to contribute to clarifying the socio-structural form sustaining the cooperative production of knowledge on the net: that is, with the structural theory of networks and emerging systems, as formalized by Albert Làszlò Barabàsi, and with the theories of complexity and emerging systems, at least as revealed in the field of human sciences.
Starting from this theoretical frame, we came to an original result in the research sphere, recognizing in the Italian edition of Wikipedia a hybrid model, on one side recalling the dynamics of emergence and of complex systems, on the other presenting more typically communitarian aspects, such as have been described in the vast literature on virtual communities.
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A collection of some of our most beautiful content
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![[13]](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bild%3A21c3-wp-207.jpg){kind=link}
![[25]](http://leserged.online.fr/img/charliepedia.png){kind=link}
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下面介绍Angela Beesley和Jimmy Wales在2004年8月被BBC聘请，在11月份他们被邀请到伦敦的Bush House的BBC办公室度过了两周。这两周他们向BBC多个部门的员工竭尽介绍了维基百科和其他的维基媒体计划，还有运行这些计划的MediaWiki软件，以及自由内容和开放社群的原则。 他们和大约150个人进行了交流，这只是BBC27,000名员工中很小的一部分。他们根据不同的情况进行了介绍，这些部门是否可以从使用维基百科的内容中受益，或是是否应该在BBC网站上创建他们自己的内容创作社群。 在是否使用维基百科的链接方面，Jimmy和搜索部门以及社论政策部门讨论了制作者的政策，看起来BBC有理由不在他们的搜索引擎中推荐维基百科页面。在搜索部门过时的页面中建议对wiki用“三点击原则”进行预防，但是很多新的指导方针认为这根本不是一个问题。 之后向在线新闻部门介绍维基媒体计划，大多的问题都集中在最近运行的维基新闻计划，许多问题都是关于这个计划应该如何有效的控制和信赖。他们解释这个计划目前集中在对现有的新闻来源进行汇总报告，而不是原始新闻。 在对广播和音乐部门的演示中, 有一个是示范维基百科的内容将如何呈现在网站上, 并且与BBC现在从Muze授权的内容完全不一样。 最后，讨论了关于h2g2和维基百科社群之间的差异，以及BBC所采用的自上而下的流程应该如何被削减。 在BBC的第一周，Paula LeDieu来讨论了 创造性档案。这个档案包括了全部BBC的电视和广播节目的存档，并且在创作共用协议下发布。这个协议是非商业性的，而且只有英国用户可以使用。因为BBC不是大部分内容的版权持有人，很难让受益人同意释放到自有协议下的困难，是选择非商业性使用条款的原因。 体育部对于使用维基百科内容表现得最热心，而且也形成了一个她们自己的社群。她们准备给每个体育类单项增加更多细化的内容, 并且对体育爱好者们就如何通过在wiki上增加内容来使这一工作更有效率展现出非常浓厚的兴趣。 People's War 这个网站即将关闭编辑的功能。我们已经就在项目结束时他们准备如何处理这个网站和他们进行了讨论。虽然该网站的贡献者们同意BBC的使用条款, 允许BBC对内容的授权转移, 但是在GFDL协议下发布以及其他不恰当的使用仍然让人感觉不可能接受。有一个备选方案是保持现有的故事不动, 但允许社区继续在他们的基础上扩展更多的相关资料和信息。 |
详细资料请参看日历 希望总是那么激动人心。最令人期待的事情是即将召开的Wikimania-第一届国际维基媒体会议，它的重要之处在于，这将是第一次数百名维基媒体人的学术探讨和社交聚会活动。将会发生什么事情呢？气氛将会多热烈呢？谁也不知道。 你在2005年8月的第一个周末会作什么呢？
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感兴趣的读者应该在4月份看到这期通讯的出版。请密切注视在元维基上的通讯页面的新消息，或者签名用邮件接收通讯更新的信息。下一期将在春季进行，也请您提供良好的建议！
把人们放到一个社群中，并不意味着就可以创造出一个單一的社区，结果恰恰相反；只有在一个理解的环境中，接纳和適合利用人们的不同的特性……，如果将所有的社区都办成一个摸样，像玩具兵盒子一样，那是过时的事物，而不是將來的。