Best practices for Content Translation events/ja
コンテンツ翻訳は、言語間で記事を翻訳する編集者の役に立つウィキペディアの機能です。
コンテンツ翻訳は、2カ国語以上を使える人々を対象に、ウィキペディアの編集を紹介する手早くて効果的な方法になり得ます。この拡張機能により、まったくの編集初心者でも2カ国語を知っていると、特に事前の準備をしなくても、ほんの1時間ほどで書式や画像、出典が整った形の記事をウィキペディアに寄稿できます。またその特性により、文化や言葉の違いを超え、知識を広める働きがあります。このような理由で、編集ワークショップに適しています。
しかしながらワークショップ主催者の側には事前準備が求められ、そうするとイベントの円滑で効果的な運営に役立ちます。
特記しない限り、一般的にウィキメディアのイベントを実施する際の最善慣行が翻訳イベントにも当てはまりますので、それらを通読して実行すべきです。学習パターンページを参照し、「イベント」を選択してください。
会場の選択
Any quiet place with room to sit down comfortably and type on a computer is fine.
It is not necessary for the place to have computers. If people can bring their own laptops, it's good because they will be comfortable with their own devices. If the people cannot bring laptops, and you cannot find a venue that has computer stations, try to find a service that can rent computers. In any case, check the notes below about keyboard configuration.
Particularly recommended places are libraries, schools, and colleges, especially those that have books on location that can be used by article writers and translators: dictionaries, books about language grammar and style, encyclopedias, books about history and biography, etc. In particular, dictionaries are strongly recommended having at any translation event. See also notes below.
招待する人たち
Anybody who knows at least two languages can participate in such an event. You may choose to focus on translating into one language, but you don't have to: If you are doing a translation workshop as part of an international event such as Wikimania, or if many languages are spoken in the area where the workshop is held, the participants may translate into different languages.
That said, it is always very useful to have at this event at least one person who is highly proficient in the language into which the participants are translating, and in the language from which people are translating. This person can be a linguist, a language teacher, or a professional translator. It can even be someone who is not professionally or academically certified, but who simply loves the language and is good at reading and writing in it and in using dictionaries, grammar books, and style guides. It's OK if this person is also the organizer of the event. If there are several such people, it's even better.
It's OK to invite people who are completely inexperienced with editing Wikipedia, but there should be at least one person who is experienced in writing in Wikipedia. If possible, it should be a person who is experienced in writing in Wikipedia in the language into which most participants will be translating. If it's hard to find such a person, it can be someone who is experienced in writing in Wikipedia in another language. You should have at least one experienced Wikipedian per ten inexperienced people. The more experienced people, the better.
If you want to focus your event on translating articles about a particular topic, such as "The cities of our country", "Famous people from the history of Thailand", "Diseases and vaccines", and so on, you should have at least one person who is knowledgeable about this topic.
It is less essential, but quite useful, to have at least one person who has administrator rights, so that it will be possible to resolve issues with accounts, protected pages, etc. If an administrator cannot be present at the event in person, it is advisable to be in contact with one remotely by phone, instant messaging, or email.
Get familiar with the policy at Steward requests/Global permissions#Requests for global IP block exemption. As of 2022, this is acutely necessary for events, especially in some countries (see the page No open proxies/Unfair blocking for details).
Finally, it is also useful to have somebody who is able to resolve general technical problems with wiki syntax, templates, keyboards, fonts, gadgets, etc., to report software bugs, and to pass on feedback to the developers.
イベント前
自分自身の準備をする
It is recommended to plan at least two hours for an article translation workshop. One hour may be enough, but it may feel rushed, and the quality of the published articles may be compromised. Two hours or more will give the organizers and the participants more time to relax, discuss difficult points, make the necessary corrections, and publish great articles.
Make sure you know how to type in your language. Some languages can be easily typed on any computer, but some others have difficulties, especially in India, South East Asia, and some countries in Africa. If people bring their own laptops, try to learn as much as possible about configuring keyboards for the relevant language on common operating systems, especially Windows, and also Mac, Chromebook, and Linux.
Make sure that you are experienced with Content Translation yourself. Translate at least one article using it, and preferably more than one. Test it again a day before the event: It sometimes happens that recent software changes in Content Translation or in the gadgets on the wiki itself change or break some functionality.
Read and re-read the Content Translation user manual, even if you are an experienced user of Content Translation, and even if you had read it already. In addition to the technical description, it includes useful advice that you should pass on to the workshop participants. If the user manual is not translated into the language that most of the participants know, consider translating it by clicking "このページを翻訳" at the top of the page.
Check whether the Content Translation software itself is localized into the language that most of the participants know. To do this, log into your account on translatewiki.net and check the status of the Content Translation project. If the page says "翻訳できるものはありません", then everything is ready! If you see rows of English strings, then not everything is translated. Even though it is not a requirement, it is highly recommended having the user interface of Content Translation completely translated in translatewiki.net two weeks before conducting an article translation event. This will make the interface easier and more familiar for the participants, and it will help everybody in the event use consistent terminology for words like "translate", "publish", "link", "template", "reference", etc. For general tips on using translatewiki.net, see the post Translating the software that powers Wikipedia on the Wikimedia blog.
Prepare a list of articles that should be translated. It is usually OK to encourage the participants to decide what they want to write about (see below), but sometimes people don't know what to choose, so it's good to have a list of articles to translate as a fallback. One fun way to do it is to choose several topics that may be relevant for the participants, such as sports, music, animals, or history, then write the articles' titles on cards, and hand them out in the beginning of the event. Check that the articles don't yet exist in the target language.
While translating, people often have questions about translating difficult words, about spelling and grammar, and so on. Bring dictionaries and books about grammar and style to the event, or prepare a list of websites where materials of this kind can be found.
コンピュータの準備をする
If you are providing the computers that the participants will use, check that they have an up-to-date version of a modern web browser: Firefox, Chrome, Edge, or Safari. Also, check that JavaScript is enabled. Content Translation uses a lot of modern JavaScript technologies. It is likely that it will not work on old versions of browsers, so update them if needed. If possible, actually try to log in to your Wikipedia account and run Content Translation to see that it works.
Make sure that all the computers that will be used have a keyboard configured for the languages that will be used at the event. Sometimes computers are configured only with an English keyboard.
If these computers are in a place such as a school, a library, or a community center, ask the IT person to do this. If people are bringing their own laptops, tell them to do it before they come.
参加者に依頼する
Ask all the participants to create Wikipedia accounts. Creating them all on the day of the event will cause unnecessary delays in the beginning of the workshop. Also, creating many accounts from the same network may be blocked.
Ask all the participants to test that their accounts work in the Wikipedia in the source language and in the target language. Occasionally, an account can be created in one language, but auto-creation in the other language may be blocked. If anybody has issues with this, contact an administrator. It may also be a good idea to test that they can edit in Wikidata and in Commons.
Ask all the participants to decide which articles do they want to translate, and encourage them to read the whole source article. It is also a good idea to pick more than one, because it may happen that an article already exists in the target language, or being translated by another translator.
If participants bring their own laptops, tell them to do the things described in the section "Preparing the computers" above: update the web browser and configure the keyboard for the language they'll use. Many people don't know how to do it themselves, so try to learn how to do it on as many operating systems as possible so that you'll be able to help them.
イベント中
新規編集者にウィキペディアを紹介する
One of the advantages of Content Translation is that it allows the workshop leader to skip long introductions about wiki syntax, uploading files, or copyrights.
Nevertheless, it is highly recommended giving the participants a short introduction:
- A brief history of Wikipedia
- What is a wiki
- What is an encyclopedia (as opposed to a blog, a news website, a social network, etc.)
- What are the copyright principles: Free culture is great; translation of Wikipedia articles between languages is allowed; copying text from other websites without an explicit permission is forbidden; uploading photos is allowed only if they are your own or if they are under a compatible license (when using Content Translation, only images that are already on Commons will be auto-adapted, so image copyright shouldn't be an issue)
If the focus of your event is just translation, this introduction is supposed to take less than fifteen minutes.
If all the participants are experienced Wikipedians, you can skip this introduction.
コンテンツ翻訳を紹介する
After the general introduction, do a short demo of Content Translation. Important points to mention:
- Translate paragraph by paragraph.
- Machine translation is available for some languages, but not for all of them. If machine translation is available for the language in question:
- Don't publish machine translation without fixing its mistakes!
- Show how to turn machine translation on and off.
- It's possible to paste the source text into the paragraph, or to start from an empty paragraph.
- Images can be automatically transferred by clicking on them, but you have to translate the caption.
- Links are adapted automatically, and can also be added and removed manually.
- References (footnotes) are adapted automatically, but may need manual tweaking.
- Content Translation creates the first revision of the article. After this, the article can be edited just like any other article.
- For experienced Wikipedians: Don't use wiki syntax.
Make sure that you understand all these points yourself, and that you are able to use them and demonstrate them.
You should also explain why translating Wikipedia articles is useful even if many people know major languages like English, French, or Russian. You should adapt this explanation to your country and to the event participants. Some possible points to mention:
- Many people don't know these major languages, and translation will make useful knowledge more accessible.
- For school children, it is easier to read Wikipedia in a language that is familiar to them from school or home.
- Even editions of Wikipedia in very large languages don't cover all the topics in the world. It is possible to translate from the local language of your culture into a major language, so that people from other cultures will be able to learn about your culture.
- Increasing the amount of online content in a language will contribute to the language's standardization and development.
翻訳する
Make sure that everybody enables Content Translation in the preferences, show people how to enter the Content Translation dashboard (hover on "Contributions"), and then just tell people to start translating!
Tell people not to translate the same article as you are showing in the demo. If several people want to translate the same article, only one user should start its translation, and the other people should gather around the same computer and work as a team. It is technically impossible for several users to translate the same article with Content Translation. (This may become possible in the future, but there is no target date for this yet.)
During the translation phase, people will likely need help with certain issues:
- Translating difficult words: Encourage people to talk to each other and give each other friendly tips about the language. Language experts, as well as dictionaries and grammar books, will be especially useful at this point.
- Using Content Translation: adapting and adding links, images, templates, references, etc.
- Publishing: Some wikis are configured to disallow publishing to the main space for new users. If this happens, tell people to publish to the user space by clicking the gear icon.
- Fixing reference formatting: Sometimes reference formatting becomes jumbled or references go missing following publication (this is a complex, known technical issue, which is gradually being addressed). After finishing the translation, it is often necessary to fix these issues manually.
If you can, have a board with a list of articles that people have started translating, and mark those that people have completed. It's a fun activity, it encourages participants to complete the translation and publish the page, and after the event it can be posted on blogs and social media.
Encourage people to write good translations and correct them both during the translation, and after publishing the first version. For example, it's OK to skip some paragraphs if they are unreliable, too difficult, or not so relevant for people who read in the target language, and it's OK to add more locally relevant paragraphs after publishing.
フィードバックを収集する
It's very important to collect as much feedback as possible from the participants:
- What works well? What are you enjoying?
- Is anything difficult in things like creating an account, logging in, choosing an article to translate, starting the translation, reading the source text, writing the translation, publishing, etc.?
- Are there any particular bugs in the software? When there is doubt whether something is a bug or not a bug, always note it—it's important to report anything that could be a bug to the developers. When noting a possible bug, write down as many details as possible: the username, the language, which article was translated, which operating system and browser the people were using, what did they expect to happen, and what happened instead. See the page How to report a bug for tips about reporting bugs effectively.
利用者の観察、フィードバック集めとレポートの詳細は、こちらの英語版ウィキペディアのサインポスト Signpost 記事をご参照ください。役に立つ編集ワークショップの開き方、短時間しか利用しない参加者も満足。
イベント後
- 参加者からもう少し深いフィードバックを集めます。使ってみてよかった点と便利だった点は？ うまく使えず困ったことはありませんでしたか？ 参加してみて達成感はありましたか？ さ 参加前とウィキペディアの感想は 変わりましたか？
- イベント後に簡単なアンケートをしてみませんか。こちらのアンケート用書式をそのままでもよいし、必要な箇所を変更して使ってください。もしアンケートを取りたいけど補助が必要なら、言語チームでご相談できますし、設問をしぼりこんだりアンケート環境を作ったり参加者の皆さんに共有するリンクを提供するなど、喜んでお手伝いします。
- この拡張機能を知り合いに話してくれるよう、参加者に頼んでください。
- 参加者に自分の守備範囲でもっと翻訳してみるよう依頼してみましょう。
- 関連するフィードバックをまとめてコンテンツ翻訳機能の開発者宛にメールで提出、Phabricator でバグ報告、または使いやすいコミュニケーション方法でご連絡ください。
- コミュニティが使っているSNSその他のチャンネルには、当日の成果として翻訳した記事3、4本を共有します。例文： 「〈マリア〉さんに感謝、ウィキペディア〈スペイン語版〉で〈韓国語のメッセージ〉という記事を読んでもらえるようになりました。」（書き換える箇所は〈マリア〉＝翻訳担当者名、〈韓国語のメッセージ〉＝翻訳前のページの題名、〈スペイン語〉＝掲載した言語版に。）こういう通知で（ベテランも新人も）編集者の皆さんの貢献に称賛を示したり、他の利用者にも翻訳の成果を確かめてもらえます。また、イベントを開いてみたいと感じている未来の主催者にも、イベントがどんなものだったか伝わります。投稿先が Twitter なら、コンテンツ翻訳のアカウント@WhatToTranslateを呟くのはどうでしょう。
- イベントに関する公開用レポートを書くには、ウィキのページとするかブログ投稿とするか選びます。書く項目は参加者名簿、仕上げた記事の総数などです。 ニューヨーク市で開いたイベントをサンプルにします：:w:en:Wikipedia:LaGuardia Community College/Reports。ウィキメディアの提携団体である支部や協会その他が主催した場合、またはいずれかの助成金を使った場合には、おそらくレポートを公開する決まりがあると思われますので、レポートの書式も指定を受けているはずです。それでも、たとえ義務化されていない場合にも、記録としてレポートを書くのは良いことで、その種のイベントの認知度が上がるかもしれないし、また次の開催の準備にも役立つと考えられます。
最後になりますが、イベンドの準備にこのページを使ってみて、ここに書いていない工夫など見つけた場合は、どうかこのページを編集して追加をお願いします！
コンテンツ翻訳拡張機能を使っている皆さん、翻訳イベントの開催ご苦労さまです！
関連項目
- mediawiki.org上にあるコンテンツ翻訳開発プロジェクトのページ
- コンテンツ翻訳を使って新規参加者獲得（英語）、初期のコンテンツ翻訳ワークショップのひとつについてのウィキメディア・ブログの投稿。